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SOCIOLOGY OF HISTORY
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The Historical Culture of Schoolchildren’s Parents in a Borderland Region: A Mass Diagnostic Survey in the Orenburg Region
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Original article
Sergey V. Lyubichankovskiy
Orenburg State Pedagogical University
19, Sovetskaya St., Orenburg, 460014, Russia
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Abstract. The article presents the results of a mass survey of schoolchildren’s parents in the Orenburg region (N = 1035, late October – November 2025), carried out using a diagnostic instrument of historical culture previously tested by the author on a student audience. A questionnaire of fifteen closed items recorded the respondents’ attitudes towards the aims of school History education, their assessments of ambiguous figures of national history, family practices of keeping memories about the past, and the content of regional identity. Data processing included frequency analysis, cross-tabulation by gender, age and settlement type with χ² significance testing, as well as construction of composite indices of reflexivity and delegation. The study has established that the parental community displays a value-reflexive type of historical culture, in which the priority of the educative function of History is combined with a demand for an unsimplified account of tragic events of the past and with a readiness to contest a textbook interpretation. The key finding is a stable gap between the all-Russian and the regional levels of historical consciousness: while ambivalent and apologetic assessments of Joseph Stalin are almost equally represented, an overwhelming majority of the respondents rejects ideological selection when it comes to contested regional figures. This divergence is interpreted as a consequence of the frontier, borderland character of the region. The frequency of intra-family conversations about the past emerges as the strongest correlate of the reflexivity of historical culture.
Keywords: historical culture, historical memory, parents of schoolchildren, Orenburg region, borderland region, history education, regional identity.
DOI: 10.18413/2312-3044-2026-13-3-214-231
EDN: FPRZOR
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Transformation in the Coverage of Revolutionary Narodism in Russian School Textbooks
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Original article
Ksenia V. Vdovukhina
Voronezh State Pedagogical University
86 Lenin St., Voronezh, 394043, Russia
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Alexey M. Ipatov
Voronezh State Pedagogical University
86 Lenin St., Voronezh, 394043, Russia
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Abstract. The paper attempts to analyze the texts of school textbooks on the topic of revolutionary Narodism in the context of the shift in the ideological course of the Russian state from the late 19th century through the Soviet period to the present day. The authors of the article emphasize the existence of a correlation between the volume of information on the topic of revolutionary Narodism and its ideological content in educational materials, and the vector of state ideology or the prevailing public opinion in specific historical periods.
Keywords: revolutionary Narodism, ideology, public opinion, historical fact, school textbook, education, semantic content, evaluation.
DOI: 10.18413/2312-3044-2026-13-3-232-248
EDN: NQPWYF
TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATIONS IN HISTORICAL RETROSPECTIVE
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The Evolution of Essential Oil Production Technologies in Russia: From Artisanal Methods to Industrial Innovations, 19th—20th Centuries
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Original article
Natalya G. Kizimova
Belgorod State National Research University
14, Studencheskaya St., Belgorod, 308007, Russia
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Abstract. The article provides a detailed examination of the methods for obtaining essential oils, which became an integral part of Russia's industrial modernization in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The author undertakes an attempt to examine essential oil production technologies from a historical perspective and to identify the most widespread methods of their extraction and practical application drawing on the example of factories that were being established across the country.
Keywords: essential oil industry, industrial horticulture, essential oil production, agro-industrial complex, industrial history.
DOI: 10.18413/2312-3044-2026-13-3-249-263
EDN: PNXBGI
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Establishment of a Zemstvo Telephone Network in the Belgorod District of the Kursk Governorate at the Beginning of the 20th Century
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Original article
Marina N. Budakova
State Military History Museum-Reserve ”Prokhorovskoe Pole”
847 Parkovaya St., Prokhorovka, 309000, Belgorod Region, Russia
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Abstract. Based on materials from periodicals, particularly advertisements, the article analyzes one of the most important areas in everyday life of the provincial population of the Russian Empire in the early 20th century – the field of culture. Using the example of Ryazan, the author provides a description of the main cultural centers in the provincial city and the dynamics of their development, as well as the emergence of new forms of leisure in the province, such as cinema and public lectures.
Keywords: advertising, periodicals, history of everyday life, everyday life, Russian Empire, Ryazan Governorate, Ryazan, province, culture.
DOI: 10.18413/2312-3044-2026-13-3-264-275
EDN: MNFJYN
WAR AND PEOPLE
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Military Categories of the Belgorod Uyezd Population according to the Records of the First Census (1718–1723)
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Original article
Alyona R. Melnikova
Bunin Yelets State University (Bunin YSU)
28, Kommunarov St.,Yelets, 28399770, Russia
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Artyom S. Makarov
Bunin Yelets State University (Bunin YSU)
28, Kommunarov St.,Yelets, 28399770, Russia
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Abstract. This article examines the social gradations of the service class population of the Belgorod district, known as uyezd at the time, based on materials from the first census of 1718–1723. Archival sources were used, systematized, and statistically analyzed. The materials from the first census provide a clearer picture of the social structure of Russian society during the reign of Peter the Great. A description of demographic indicators for the Belgorod district is provided. The authors pay special attention to the analysis of injuries and mutilations recorded in the source.
Keywords: military population, Belgorod uyezd, Chernozem region, census records, social composition, population census, village.
DOI: 10.18413/2312-3044-2026-13-3-276-287
EDN: YGEOQW
NATURE AND PEOPLE
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Weather and Climate Conditions in the Tambov Viceroyalty in 1788, Based on the Materials from the Tambovskiye Izvestia Newspaper
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Original article
Vsevolod G. Shatkov
Bunin Yelets State University (Bunin YSU)
28, Kommunarov St.,Yelets, 28399770, Russia
Yelets City Museum of Local History,
81 Lenin St., Yelets, 399770, Russia
E-mail:
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Abstract. This article examines the weather and climate conditions in Tambov Viceroyalty in 1788. Based on reports in the Tambovskiye Izvestia newspaper, the author reconstructs the chronology of the most significant weather events, tracing their spatial and temporal dynamics. The analysis makes it possible to draw assumptions about the weather conditions in Tambov Viceroyalty in 1788 relative to average statistical indicators for the Central Russian region. An attempt is made to reconstruct the movement of weather fronts over the viceroyalty in the summer of 1788 and assess the damage to agriculture caused by those weather events.
Keywords: 18th-century weather, Tambov Viceroyalty, agriculture, Tambovskiye Izvestia, 18th-century climate, Little Ice Age.
DOI: 10.18413/2312-3044-2026-13-3-288-300
EDN: XIMWZD
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